The Manifestations of Macrophage Activation Syndrome: A Case Report
Mandana Khodashahi
Fellowship of Rheumatology, Rheumatic Diseases Research center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Zahra Mirfeizi *
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Naser Tayyebi Meibodi
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Mohammad Reza Hatef
Rheumatic Diseases Research Center (RDRC), Ghaem Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) is a rare and life-threatening complication of various chronic rheumatic diseases. It is associated with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA).
Case Report: A 19-year old woman was referred to our hospital with a history of fever, sweating, anorexia, and pancytopenia, due to her persistent fever; she was admitted in the infectious disease department. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy findings were suggestive for MAS associated with SoJIA or Still's disease. She showed a remarkable response to treatment after Hydrocortisone and cyclosporine.
Conclusion: MAS can occur within a few days after overt manifestations of the primary disease. Our patient developed MAS symptoms rapidly. MAS might be predictor to rheumatic diseases.
Keywords: Macrophage activation syndrome, systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, still's disease, bone marrow biopsy, bone marrow aspiration.