Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease Revealing Lupus Nephritis: A Case Report in Sub-Saharan Africa
SOW M *
Internal Medicine Department, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
DIOP K
Dermatology Department, FANN University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
SASSI SH
Cytology and Pathological Anatomy Laboratory, Apartment A2-1, Nour City Building A, North Urban Center, Tunis, Tunisia.
KANE BS
Internal Medicine Department, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
POUYE A
Internal Medicine Department, Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital, Dakar, Senegal.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease is a rare and benign condition. It most frequently affects young women. It manifests as predominantly cervical lymphadenopathy. Its diagnosis relies on lymph node histology, which reveals acidophilic necrosis, CD68+ histiocyte infiltration, the presence of plasmacytoid monocytes, numerous apoptotic cells (CD8+ T lymphocytes) with nuclear debris, an immunoblastic reaction, and the absence of neutrophils or eosinophils. Spontaneous recovery within a few weeks is the norm. The disease can be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Aim: We aimed to report a rare case lupus nephritis revealed by Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease
Case Presentation: We reported here an observation of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease associated with lupus nephritis. It involved a young African black woman who presented cervical lymphadenopathy associated with hepatosplenomegaly and fever. Infectious investigations were negative. Lymph node biopsy concluded Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease. The course was towards spontaneous recovery. Systematic screening showed positivity for antinuclear antibodies, and significant proteinuria. Renal biopsy confirmed lupus nephritis.
Conclusion: Lupus with cutaneous manifestations is the most often pathology associated with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease; lupus glomerulonephritis is rarely described.
Keywords: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, lupus nephritis, black subject, Senegal